On November 25, 1947, Hollywood studio heads met at the Waldorf-Astoria and issued the "Waldorf Declaration," declaring they wouldn’t hire anyone linked to the Hollywood Ten – a group of screenwriters and directors who had refused to answer questions before Congress about alleged Communist ties.

The decision launched the Hollywood Blacklist era, derailing hundreds of careers and restricting creative freedom. For more than a decade, fear and suspicion shaped what Hollywood could and couldn’t put on screen.

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